Table 8

Prevalence and YLDs, with percentage of total, for intellectual disability by cause in 1990 and 2013, and prevalence by severity in 2013
Total prevalence (× 1000)Total YLDs (× 1000)Prevalence by severity in 2013 (× 1000)
1990201319902013BorderlineMildModerateSevereProfound
Idiopathic intellectual
disability
77 102.5 (65·24%)94 680·0 (61·47%)3822·3 (38·30%)4666·7 (31·46%)32 937·9 (21·38%)38 873·1 (25·24%)14 804·3 (9·61%)5946·2 (3·86%)2118·5 (1·38%)
Preterm birth
complications
5913·0 (5·00%)13 576·3 (8·81%)558·1 (5·59%)1450·4 (9·78%)..11 480·7 (7·45%)1277·6 (0·83%)535·2 (0·35%)282·8 (0·18%)
Chromosomal
unbalanced
rearrangements
6398·2 (5·41%)11 171·7 (7·25%)859·1 (8·61%)1590·4 (10·72%)1411·6 (0·92%)3733·1 (2·42%)3038·7 (1·97%)1953·8 (1·27%)1034·5 (0·67%)
Neonatal
encephalopathy due to
birth asphyxia and
trauma
9520·3 (8·06%)8947·4 (5·81%)892·5 (8·94%)1228·3 (8·28%)..7128·4 (4·63%)833·1 (0·54%)645·2 (0·42%)340·8 (0·22%)
Down’s syndrome4546·4 (3·85%)8184·4 (5·31%)605·6 (6·07%)1157·9 (7·81%)1034·0 (0·67%)2735·1 (1·78%)2226·2 (1·45%)1431·3 (0·93%)757·8 (0·49%)
Ischaemic stroke2686·4 (2·27%)4887·1 (3·17%)967·9 (9·70%)1764·2 (11·89%)....2978·2 (1·93%)1248·5 (0·81%)660·3 (0·43%)
Pneumococcal meningitis3132·6 (2·65%)2803·2 (1·82%)382·2 (3·83%)344·8 (2·32%)751·6 (0·49%)1213·6 (0·79%)420·8 (0·27%)272·9 (0·18%)144·2 (0·09%)
Haemorrhagic stroke1040·8 (0·88%)1966·8 (1·28%)386·6 (3·87%)728·8 (4·91%)....1197·3 (0·78%)503·4 (0·33%)266·1 (0·17%)
Haemolytic disease and
other neonatal jaundice
768·3 (0·65%)1400·5 (0·91%)425·5 (4·26%)781·8 (5·27%)....641·8 (0·42%)496·4 (0·32%)262·2 (0·17%)
Alcohol use disorders1000·8 (0·85%)1382·2 (0·90%)62·3 (0·62%)85·8 (0·58%)383·1 (0·25%)791·2 (0·51%)126·6 (0·08%)81·3 (0·05%)..
Haemophilus influenzae
type B meningitis
1654·4 (1·40%)1309·6 (0·85%)244·5 (2·45%)206·7 (1·39%)443·4 (0·29%)329·0 (0·21%)270·5 (0·18%)174·5 (0·11%)92·2 (0·06%)
Other meningitis1406·9 (1·19%)1050·2 (0·68%)220·9 (2·21%)172·3 (1·16%)340·7 (0·22%)265·1 (0·17%)222·5 (0·14%)145·2 (0·09%)76·7 (0·05%)
Encephalitis873·4 (0·74%)886·6 (0·58%)120·7 (1·21%)131·3 (0·88%)337·7 (0·22%)223·7 (0·15%)162·7 (0·11%)106·3 (0·07%)56·1 (0·04%)
Neural tube defects293·7 (0·25%)477·9 (0·31%)151·8 (1·52%)246·1 (1·66%)......312·6 (0·20%)165·3 (0·11%)
Meningococcal
meningitis
538·7 (0·46%)429·2 (0·28%)90·4 (0·91%)75·3 (0·51%)128·2 (0·08%)107·7 (0·07%)96·5 (0·06%)63·3 (0·04%)33·5 (0·02%)
Syphilis310·2 (0·26%)315·2 (0·20%)57·5 (0·58%)58·4 (0·39%)....315·2 (0·20%)....
Sickle cell disorders96·3 (0·08%)197·0 (0·13%)39·4 (0·39%)79·9 (0·54%)....197·0 (0·13%)....
Maternal hypertensive
disorders
140·9 (0·12%)128·9 (0·08%)9·5 (0·10%)8·8 (0·06%)..128·9 (0·08%)......
Tetanus580·2 (0·49%)71·6 (0·05%)30·7 (0·31%)5·9 (0·04%)..64·9 (0·04%)3·1 (0·00%)2·4 (0·00%)1·2 (0·00%)
Malaria45·5 (0·04%)66·7 (0·04%)25·4 (0·25%)37·7 (0·25%)....30·6 (0·02%)23·6 (0·02%)12·5 (0·01%)
Klinefelter’s syndrome31·3 (0·03%)44·5 (0·03%)0·5 (0·01%)0·7 (0·00%)41·0 (0·03%)3·5 (0·00%)......
Iodine deficiency60·0 (0·05%)38·3 (0·02%)10·0 (0·10%)6·4 (0·04%)......28·5 (0·02%)9·8 (0·01%)
African
trypanosomiasis
33·8 (0·03%)9·4 (0·01%)16·5 (0·17%)4·7 (0·03%)......6·1 (0·00%)3·2 (0·00%)
Total prevalence118 174·6 (100·00%)154 024·7 (100·00%)....37 809·3 (24·55%)67 077·9 (43·55%)28 842·6 (18·73%)13 977·0 (9·07%)6317·9 (4·10%)
Total YLDs....9979·7 (100·00%)14 833·4 (100·00%)722·4 (4·87%)3209·3 (21·64%)4925·1 (33·20%)3963·3 (26·72%)2013·3 (13·57%)
Data are number (%). YLDs=years lived with disability.