Is back pain during childhood or adolescence associated with muscle strength, muscle endurance or aerobic capacity: three systematic literature reviews with one meta-analysis

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Published online 2015 Jul 16. doi: 10.1186/s12998-015-0065-8

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Table 6

The association between aerobic capacity and back pain in people younger than 19 years as reported in four studies

Ref numb.	Name of first author/year	Design of study	Ind. VAR	Dependent VAR possible to use	D VAR used in result section	Association aerobic capacity and BP
Ref numb.	Name of first author/year	Design of study	Ind. VAR	Dependent VAR possible to use	D VAR used in result section	Male		Female
[28]	Andersen 2006	CS	V0₂ max ergometer	LBP/MBP/NP < 1 month Age of 1^st BP Consequences	BP last month	Both sexes:
						YES, in bivariate analysis: best quartile Vs least quartile
						OR = 0.81
						This association disappeared when adjusted for back trunk muscle endurance
[32]	Cardon 2009	CS	Endurance shuttle run	LBP/DP/NP Last week Severity Frequency	Pain/no pain	Yes		No
[32]	Cardon 2009	CS	Endurance shuttle run	LBP/DP/NP Last week Severity Frequency	Pain/no pain	F (p) 4.1 (0.04)		F (p) 0.3 (0.59)
[30]	Perry 2009	CS	Cycle ergometer	BP without NP Ever Month Chronic Diagnosed	BP without NP Ever Month Chronic Diagnosed	B	M	B	M
						Yes	No	No	No
						Yes	Yes*	No	No
						No	No	No	No
						No	No	No	No
						HQR vs IQR: OR = 1.53 (95 % CI 1.08-2.17)*

CS: cross-sectionnal study

BMS: back muscle strength (in extension)

BP: Back pain

LBP: Low back pain

DP: Dorsal pain

NP: Neck pain

B: Bivariate analysis

M: Multivariate analysis

HQR: 75 % high quartile

IQR: Interquartile

F(p): difference between group (p-value)