| PMC full text: | Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Feb 15. Published in final edited form as: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Feb 15; 40(4): 209–217. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000724 |
Table 1
Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics for research participants.
| Variable | Overall (N=107) | Medical (n=35) | Manual (n=37) | Mechanical (n=35) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (sd) or n(%) | Mean (sd) or n(%) | Mean (sd) or n(%) | Mean (sd) or n(%) | |
| Oswestry | 33.9 (9.2) | 33.9 (8.1) | 33.1 (9.6) | 34.6 (10.0) |
| Numeric Pain Rating | 5.7 (1.4) | 5.7 (1.3) | 5.5 (1.3) | 6.0 (1.4) |
| Fear Avoidance Beliefs (FABQ) | 32.9(16.8) | 33.0(17.8) | 32.7(15.3) | 33.0(18.6) |
| Age (yrs) | 41.1 (14.3) | 41.3 (11.6) | 41.4 (15.3) | 40.4 (15.9) |
| BMI (%) | 28.8 (6.8) | 27.4 (5.9) | 28.8 (7.7) | 30.3 (6.5) |
| Treatment Expectancy | ||||
| Manual | 41.9 (8.6) | 41.4 (7.8) | 41.7 (8.4) | 42.5 (9.8) |
| Mechanical | 39.2 (10.1) | 38.1 (10.4) | 39.7 (9.3) | 39.7 (10.7) |
| Medical | 31.8 (12.4) | 33.3 (13.0) | 31.3 (11.6) | 30.8 (12.8) |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 67 (62.6%) | 21 (60.0%) | 25 (67.6%) | 21 (60.0%) |
| Male | 40 (37.4%) | 14 (40.0%) | 12 (32.4%) | 14 (40.0%) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 67 (62.6%) | 22 (62.9%) | 23 (62.2%) | 22 (62.9%) |
| Black /African-American | 29 (27.1%) | 11 (31.4%) | 9 (24.3%) | 9 (25.7%) |
| Asian | 4 (3.7%) | 2 (5.7%) | 2 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Other | 7 (6.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (8.1%) | 4 (11.4%) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Homemaker/Student/Other | 49 (45.8%) | 11 (31.4%) | 17 (45.9%) | 21 (60.0%) |
| Employed | 58 (54.2%) | 24 (68.6%) | 20 (54.1%) | 14 (40.0%) |
| Smoking | ||||
| No | 49 (45.8%) | 20 (57.1%) | 15 (40.5%) | 14 (40.0%) |
| Yes | 21 (19.6%) | 4 (11.4%) | 11 (29.7%) | 6 (17.1%) |
| Quit | 37 (34.6%) | 11 (31.4%) | 11 (29.7%) | 15 (42.9%) |
| General Health | ||||
| Poor/Fair | 7 (6.6%) | 2 (5.7%) | 2 (5.6%) | 3 (8.6%) |
| Good/Very Good/ Excellent | 99 (93.4%) | 33 (94.3%) | 34 (94.4%) | 32 (91.4%) |
| Exercise | ||||
| No | 39 (36.8%) | 11 (31.4%) | 15 (44.4%) | 12 (34.3%) |
| Yes | 67 (63.2%) | 24 (68.6%) | 20 (55.6%) | 23 (65.7%) |
| Prev. Chiropractic Treatment | ||||
| No | 58 (54.7%) | 18 (51.4%) | 22 (61.1%) | 18 (51.4%) |
| Yes | 48 (45.3%) | 17 (48.6%) | 14 (38.9%) | 17 (48.6%) |
| Prev. Mechanical Treatment | ||||
| No | 38 (79.2%) | 13 (76.5%) | 11 (78.6%) | 14 (82.4%) |
| Yes | 10 (20.8%) | 4 (23.5%) | 3 (21.4%) | 3 (17.6%) |
| Prev. Manual Treatment | ||||
| No | 1 (2.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (7.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Yes | 47 (97.9%) | 17 (100.0%) | 13 (92.9%) | 17 (100.0%) |
| No. of Co-morbidities | ||||
| None | 64 (59.8%) | 24 (68.6%) | 21 (56.8%) | 19 (54.3%) |
| 1 | 29 (27.1%) | 8 (22.9%) | 10 (27.0%) | 11 (31.4%) |
| > 1 | 14 (13.1%) | 3 (8.6%) | 6 (16.2%) | 5 (14.3%) |