| PMC full text: | Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Feb 15. Published in final edited form as: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Feb 15; 40(4): 209–217. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000724 |
Table 2
This table has three data sections: 1) disability and pain outcomes; 2) within-group changes from baseline (outcome minus baseline); and 3) adjusted between-group differences in improvement from baseline. These data are presented for the three study interventions: manual-thrust manipulation (n=37), mechanical-assisted manipulation (n=35), and usual medical care (n=35). A negative sign indicates within-group improvement or an advantage for the first group in adjusted group differences. Data were collected pre-treatment at baseline, and then again at 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post onset of treatment. The primary comparison was the covariate-adjusted difference between manual-thrust and mechanical-assisted manipulation in disability scores at 4 weeks.
| Baseline | 4 weeks | 3 month | 6 month | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.Outcome [mean ± SD] | ||||
| Disability (0 to 100 scale) | ||||
| Manual | 33.1 ± 9.6 | 17.4 ± 12.3 | 18.6 ± 14.9 | 19.8 ± 13.9 |
| Mechanical | 34.6 ± 10.0 | 24.9 ± 13.3 | 24.1 ± 14.4 | 23.4 ± 16.1 |
| Medical | 33.9 ± 8.1 | 24.2 ± 13.2 | 22.7 ± 14.3 | 22.1 ± 15.6 |
| Pain (0 to 10 scale) | ||||
| Manual | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 2.3 | 2.5 ± 2.0 |
| Mechanical | 6.0 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 2.0 | 3.9 ± 2.4 | 4.2 ± 2.8 |
| Medical | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | 3.9 ± 2.3 | 3.4 ± 2.6 |
| 2. Outcome minus baseline [mean ± SD (95%CI)] | ||||
| Disability | ||||
| Manual | −16.0 ± 14.1 (−20.9,−11.1) | −14.7 ± 16.3 (−20.5, 8.9) | −12.7 ± 14.1 (−17.9, −7.4) | |
| Mechanical | −8.9 ± 11.9 (−13.2,−4.6) | −10.3 ± 15.4 (−15.8, −4.7) | −11.0 ± 15.7 (−16.7, −5.3) | |
| Medical | −9.5 ± 14.4 (−14.6,−4.4) | −11.3 ± 15.8 (−16.9, −5.7) | −10.9 ± 17.4 (−17.4, −4.6) | |
| Pain | ||||
| Manual | −3.7 ± 1.5 (−4.2,−3.1) | −2.9 ± 2.3 (−3.7, −2.0) | −2.9 ± 2.0 (−3.7, −2.2) | |
| Mechanical | −2.6 ± 1.6 (−3.2,−2.0) | −2.1 ± 1.9 (−2.8, −1.4) | −1.8 ± 2.2 (−2.6, −1.0) | |
| Medical | −1.9 ± 2.2 (−2.7,−1.1) | −1.8 ± 1.9 (−2.5, −1.2) | −2.2 ± 2.6 (−3.1, −1.2) | |
| 3. Adjusted group differences [mean (95% CI) | ||||
| Disability | ||||
| Manual – Mechanical | −8.1 (−14.0, −2.1)* | −2.9 (−9.9, 4.0) | 0.4 (−10.2, 11.0) | |
| Manual – Medical | −6.5 (−12.5, −0.6)* | −2.6 (−9.5, 4.4) | 1.4 (−9.1, 12.0) | |
| Mechanical – Medical | 1.5 (−4.4, 7.5) | 0.4 (−6.6, 7.3) | 1.0 (−9.6, 11.6) | |
| Pain | ||||
| Manual – Mechanical | −1.4 (−2.2, −0.5)* | −0.9 (−2.1, 0.3) | −1.2 (−3.2, 0.7) | |
| Manual – Medical | −1.7 (−2.5, −0.8)* | −1.0 (−2.2, 0.2) | −0.9 (−2.9, 1.1) | |
| Mechanical – Medical | −0.3 (−1.2, 0.6) | −0.2 (−1.4, 1.1) | 0.3 (−1.6, 2.3) | |
SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval.