The Chiropractic Technique Section
The Technique page contains articles about chiropractic techniques and links to a diverse collection of technique websites.
The About Chiropractic Adjusting Page
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Review a variety of articles about chiropractic adjusting (aka spinal manipulation).
Increased Multiaxial Lumbar Motion Responses During Multiple-Impulse Mechanical Force Manually Assisted Spinal Manipulation
Chiropractic & Osteopathy 2006 (Apr 6); 14 (1): 6 ~ FULL TEXT
Knowledge of the vertebral motion responses produced by impulse-type, instrument-based adjusting instruments provide biomechanical benchmarks that support the clinical rationale for patient treatment. Our results indicate that impulse-type adjusting instruments that deliver multiple impulse SMTs significantly increase multi-axial spinal motion.
The Efficiency of Multiple Impulse Therapy
for Musculoskeletal Complaints
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2006 (Feb); 29 (2): 162 ~ FULL TEXT
Response of patients in the study sample to multiple impulse therapy for symptoms of low back and neck pain appeared to be considerably faster than that obtained in 3 recent studies.
Pilot Study of Patient Response to Multiple Impulse Therapy
for Musculoskeletal Complaints
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2006 (Jan); 29 (1): 51 ~ FULL TEXT
Patients expressed improvement in symptoms after the first visit (average improvement in subjective pain rating scale of 41%). Patient symptoms improved between the first and second visits for 70% of patients (average improvement in subjective pain scale for all patients was 58%). The majority of patients achieved complete resolution of symptoms between the third and fourth visits. Maximum benefit for patients across all symptoms required an average of 4.2 visits. The half-life for response to multiple impulse therapy for all symptoms was 17 to 26 days. The half-life for response to multiple impulse therapy using the PulStarFRAS for low back pain was 9 to 16 days.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Manual Versus Mechanical Force Manipulation in the Treatment of Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2005 (Sep);28 (7): 493–501
Sixty patients with sacroiliac syndrome were randomized into two groups of 30 subjects. Each subject received 4 chiropractic adjustments over a 2-week period and was evaluated at 1-week follow-up. One group received side-posture, high-velocity, low-amplitude chiropractic adjustments; the other group received mechanical-force, manually-assisted chiropractic adjustments using an Adjusting Instrument. There was equal improvement in both groups.
PulStar Differential Compliance Spinal Instrument: A Randomized Interexaminer and Intraexaminer Reliability Study
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2003 (Oct); 26 (8): 493–501
The PulStar mechanical adjusting device set to analysis mode appears to have good to excellent reliability when used by either an experienced or a novice (but trained) examiner. In addition, as a measure for resistance to a light thrust or spinal compliance, reliability was similarly good to excellent between the 2 doctors using the PulStar instrument.
Differential Compliance Instrument in the Treatment of Infantile Colic:
A Report of Two Cases
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002; 25 (1) Jan: 58–62
A PulStar Function Recording and Analysis System (PulStar FRAS, Sense Technology, Inc, Pittsburgh, Penn) device was used to administer light impulses (approximately 1.7 joules, which produced a 3 to 4 lb force) at each segmental level throughout the dorsal spine, with probe tips spaced 2 cm apart straddling the spinous processes. Crying was reduced by 50% after a single session of instrumental adjusting in a 6-week old girl and after 4 sessions in a 9-week old boy, according to colic diaries kept by the mothers. Average hours of uninterrupted daily sleep increased from 3.5 to 6.5 hours after a single session.
Chiropractic Treatment of Postsurgical Neck Syndrome with Mechanical Force, Manually Assisted Short-lever Spinal Adjustments
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2001 (Nov); 24 (9): 589–595
The patient was treated with conservative instrumental chiropractic manipulation, consisting of mechanical force, manually assisted short-lever spinal adjustments rendered with an Activator Adjusting Instrument (AAI) II. She comfortably tolerated the treatment and responded favorably to this therapy. All chronic symptoms had resolved within 30 days of instituting the chiropractic instrumental adjustments with an AAI. More interestingly, longitudinal examination over the next 2 years showed that the patient experienced no residual effects or further recurrences of her previous chronic problem after her initial course of chiropractic care.
A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial on the Relative Effect of Instrumental (MFMA) Versus Manual (HVLA) Manipulation in the Treatment of Cervical Spine Dysfunction
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2001 (May); 24 (4): 260–271
The objective range of motion measures showed statistically significant changes in the Instrument=adjusted (MFMA) group for left and right rotation and left and right lateral flexion from initial consultation to final consultations and for right rotation and right lateral flexion from initial consultation to 1-month follow-up. The HVLA group showed only the change in left rotation from initial to final consultations and from initial consultation to 1-month follow-up to be statistically significant.
A Review of the Literature Pertaining to the Efficacy, Safety, Educational Requirements, Uses and Usage of Mechanical Adjusting Devices
Journal of Canadian Chiropractic Assoc 2004 (Mar); 48 (1–2): 74–88, 152–161
Part I
and
Part II
(Adobe Acrobat files)
Over the past decade, mechanical adjusting devices (MADs) were a major source of debate within the Chiropractor's Association of Saskatchewan (CAS). Since Saskatchewan was the only jurisdiction in North America to prohibit the use of MADs, the CAS established a committee in 2001 to review the literature on MADs. The committee evaluated the literature on the efficacy, safety, and uses of moving stylus instruments within chiropractic practice, and the educational requirements for chiropractic practice.
The Minimum Energy Hypothesis: A Unified Model of Fixation Resolution
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002 (Feb); 25 (2): 105–110
A unified theory of manipulative effectiveness is proposed that integrates the fixation and sensory tonus models of manipulation. The theory is based on the fact that the spine will assume a position of minimum internal energy when mechanical equilibrium is achieved. By using a simple mathematical model, it is shown that the fixation model and the sensory tonus models are 2 different aspects of the same theoretical construct. The Minimum Energy Hypothesis predicts that the spine will seek an optimal minimum energy configuration if the constraints preventing it from doing so are removed. Constraints are hypothesized to be joint fixations caused by inflammation in and about the spine and its sequella, muscle spasm, fibroadipose and scar tissue, and ultimately, degeneration. It is further hypothesized that the use of a computerized mechanical manipulative device may resolve such fixations, an example of which is radiographically demonstrable cervical hypolordosis.
Chiropractic Subluxation and Neurology Articles
This LINKS section contains a wide variety of articles about the Subluxation Complex and it's impact on the nervous system and health.
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